The conservative approach is to not try to grow/expand your wealth, but rather to preserve the buying power of the wealth you have.
The best approach for that is precious metals. Specifically silver and gold, with the emphasis on silver.
A good use for your time would be to investigate Ted Butler's massive collection of articles on the COMEX manipulation of the silver (and gold) spot prices. The evidence is overwhelming that both have been suppressed for years and years, not by people wishing to maximize profits, but rather by people (The Federal Reserve and the US government itself) who wish to continue the lie that paper dollars have value.
In order to convince people to continue trusting dollars, there are two options. Make the dollar intrinsically strong (by limiting supply), or make any competitors to the dollar weaker. The Fed + US government has opted for the second approach. They intentionally beat down silver + gold, and indeed all commodities (copper, wheat, sugar, etc.) in order to continue the illusion the dollar has purchasing power. This price manipulation creates an unwanted problem where suppliers are harmed, being unable to sell their products for healthy profit. Think farmers. So the US government then creates all sorts of benefits to give to farmers in order to keep them solvent. In a free market they of course wouldn't need such help, because the market would set a fair price for their products. COMEX + other price manipulation arenas function because the government can throw unlimited amounts of paper (fiat) dollars at them, and they don't care about profit. It is far cheaper to manipulate commodity prices and reap the benefits of wanton printing of free money.
Now all this is collapsing. It's only possible so long as the world accepts US dollars as the reserve currency. Once that faith is broken, the dollar collapses. The price manipulation of silver + gold + commodities and resources and things of real value will end. And their price will skyrocket.
Stocks? As Stefan says in some of his podcasts, stock markets, particularly in the US, are wildly inflated due to the vast amounts of ignorant investors pouring 401K + other IRA/tax dodge money into them. The fundamentals of stocks are swamped out by momentum traders, ones who look only at the charts and attempt to predict which way a stock will move. This is speculation, not investing. Equities outside the US are not so inflated.
A good resource is http://www.europac.net and a good book to read is Peter Schiff's "Crash Proof: How to Profit in the Coming Economic Collapse".
So my theory is:
#1 buy physical silver and hide it around your property
#2 buy durable foodstuffs, like rice + beans. Canned goods. Vitamins. Stuff so you can last for months without having to acquire more food.
#3 buy a gun or two, plus plenty of ammunition.
#4 Decide whether you have a chance at paying off your aggrigate debt. If your house is seriously underwater (meaning you owe more than you can get by selling it) and the situation is getting worse, consider just stopping making payments. Save the money, invest it in #1-3 above. Don't use it to consume toys + entertainments! The goal is survival. Home prices are headed down, way down. They might go up in nominal terms (because the dollar's value can fall faster than real estate values). But in real terms home prices in the US have a long way to fall. Credit cards? Good time to consider maxing them out, buying #1-3 above, and just defaulting. The system is hopelessly corrupt. Normal concepts of morality cannot apply today, when the US government is taxing future generations (your kids and mine) in order to bail out corrupt Wall Street firms. Look out for yourself.
#5 Learn how to garden, on any scale. Start growing vegetables. Start a compost pile. If there is vacant land nearby, say unworked farms, perhaps get to know the owners and try to work out some arrangement where you can use their land for growing food crops.
#6 Get and read a book called, "Alcohol Can Be a Gas!" by David Blume. It's a real eye opener. It's a viable approach to energy independence (using alcohol instead of oil/gasoline for our energy needs) and will create huge numbers of jobs. It's manual labor, farming, but people will be happy to get the work, I think.
#7 Face reality. Life as we know it is coming to an end. Massive changes are afoot. The US will be forced to return to a productive economy. All the businesses that left because foreign labor was much cheaper than US labor -- they'll all become viable again in the face of a collapsed US dollar. Imports will be ridiculously expensive. Entrepreneurs will naturally getting the idea, "Hey, we can make clothing and shoes in America again!"
#8 Add on to #3 about guns. Arm yourself. The danger you face probably isn't your fellow citizens, but a corrupt government bent on survival. If the citizenry is well armed, there won't be any hanky panky. I'm not a conspiracy theorist. All the talk of the New World Order, the Amero currency (Canada, US + Mexico in a united economic entity), world government, FEMA camps, gold confiscation -- all these become meaningless threats in the face of a well armed citizenry. It is simply not viable to impose tyranny on a population that is rife with firearms. The bully has no real power over people that offer even the most basic resistance.
#9 Avoid IRS taxes as much as possible. Consider downsizing. Earn less, and you may find when you do your taxes you get a refund larger than all the money withheld. Earned Income Credit and all. It amounts to a negative income tax. You get free money from the government. Not free, of course, the money detracts from the value of all dollars outstanding. But at least you can be absolutely sure your labor is not being stolen. If they're going to penalize productivity, make sure you're not _that_ productive. Another approach is to simply not pay your IRS taxes. If enough people refused to pay, they couldn't enforce payment. Of course there are risks involved. As Stefan clearly states, the IRS is backed by government guns + agents who will happily put you in jail and steal your property if you don't voluntarily give it to them. But there is safety in numbers.
#10 Do not mourn the death of the US federal government or the US empire. It is a vile, corrupt abomination. It deserves death. It has been perverted beyond all hope of recognition away from what the founding fathers intended. Moreover, I buy into Stefan's thesis that even on day #1 of the US of A the government was a living sin against freedom -- as good as it was compared to other governments throughout history. Do not fear a dark ages after the US government collapses. Remember, there are still state + local governments. Sure, they've got a lot of debt, but it's dollar denominated. Hyperinflation will wipe out all that debt. The fact is the federal government is really not necessary for _anything_, in the grand scheme of things. The roads will still exist, people will still work, stuff will get built, food will be available. We won't degenerate into The Road Warrior. The US federal government will simply cease to be a factor in people's lives, and that will be an undeniable good. It won't have the power to push people around anymore.
#11 I was sorry to hear Stefan say in an interview on a December 2008 podcast that even though he writes about a stateless society (anarchy) he fully realizes it is something that will never come about within his own lifetime. ....Eh, what? Why be so pessimistic? With that attitude it surely won't come into existence. But there is no physical reason why it _couldn't_ come about in a short timeframe -- years, not decades. If enough people buy into the idea, why not? Meanwhile, the utter collapse of the US empire will create a vacuum to be filled. Let's all remember to push for "No government" instead of "World government".
In short never hold more dollars than you'll need to live on for the next few months. And for heaven's sake don't store your wealth as dollars in a bank account! You could be wiped out very quickly once hyperinflation starts. Move it into real things. The US economy is like a huge dance hall filled with people. The dance hall is being doused in gasoline from the outside. Some people near the exits can smell the gasoline, and they're leaving the building. They know some horrible disaster is in the making, and they're shouting at the people still in the building that they'd better get out of the building, fast. But the people inside are having too much fun! They don't want to hear these stories of impending doom. They don't smell the gasoline or see any flames. So just one more dance...
Now, once people start seeing flames and start a mad dash to the exits, it's too late. There no, absolutely no way, all the people are going to be saved. But a few can save their wealth, and even grow it, if they get out of the building first. Yes, the very act of their exiting the dollar death spiral will hasten the collapse of the dollar. But it's coming, no matter what. At best you can save yourself, as an individual. But not everyone can be saved.
There will be massive poverty. Retiring baby boomers counting on social security will be wiped out -- forced onto the streets and likely subsisting on cat food. They'll be in a poor position to compete for scarce jobs. Too bad! There is no other outcome possible. Thinking there is is just irrational. Obama will not solve anything. The situation is as it is. The titanic is headed to the bottom of the sea, most of the people are going to drown, and it's just a question of time. This is reality. Embrace it.
Oh, to be 20 again, with no responsibilities. So many opportunities will be available in the years to come. Such an interesting time to be alive. We should all count ourselves lucky. Our kids will have great stories to pass on to their children. Fun stuff!
Now, in the midst of all this, comes the ruling ring of power. Just kidding. But there is a possibility. Fundamental advances in technology could completely reshape the economic situation of the world -- like a massive trump card that renders meaningless all financial debts, losses and obligations. The one I favor is...the creation of true Machine Intelligence. Imagine an economy built on top of robotic labor -- they're the willing slaves that do all the grunt work. All humans become masters. Robots can build more robots. They can double their numbers in a matter of months or perhaps even weeks -- unlike decades for humans. I think we're on the verge of major breakthroughs in understanding of how the brain works.
Another possibility is cheap fusion power. Forget the DOE + government funded research, giant donut shaped structures -- Superconducting cathedrals, as Dr. Robert Bussard called them -- they'll never be economic. Rather, some tiny grass roots approach will have a far better chance at success. The late Dr. Robert Bussard has an approach that he believed had already been proven out -- Polywell Fusion. It just needs a few hundred million dollars to make a full scale prototype. That effort seems to be ongoing. And Eric Lerner's approach, called Focus Fusion, could work -- it's even simpler than Polywell Fusion, and needs even _less_ money to prove out. Cheap and plentiful fusion power, with no filthy byproducts (like fission + oil/coal/tar sands, etc) would transform the world economy. Desalinating sea water would turn deserts into gardens. Penty of land to reclaim, just need water and a bit of time...
Gosh this has grown into a long post. Sorry all + thanks for reading to the end.
-Dave